We all know that stunning visuals can significantly boost your reach. But simply displaying images isn’t enough. JavaScript image popups offer a dynamic way to present visuals, boosting user engagement and providing a more immersive experience.
In this article, we’ll learn about crafting these popups using the potent combination of JavaScript and Cloudinary. We’ll explore the key steps involved, from integrating Cloudinary’s image delivery features to leveraging JavaScript’s capabilities for a developer-friendly approach to creating exceptional image popups.
In this article:
Implementing Image Popup Using JavaScript
Before we begin creating popup images using JavaScript, ensure you have a basic understanding of HTML and JavaScript. Familiarity with HTML structures will allow you to create the visual elements of the popup. At the same time, a grasp of JavaScript fundamentals like event listeners will enable you to control when and how the popup appears and disappears.
For this tutorial, we will host our assets on Cloudinary. This will help us deliver responsive images that are compatible with every screen type. To do this, we must create a Cloudinary account, so head on over and sign up for free.
Setting up Cloudinary
Now that we’ve covered the essentials, let’s prepare our images for upload. Cloudinary provides two upload methods: the Cloudinary Console and API calls. In this article, we’ll use the user-friendly Cloudinary Media Console for image uploads.
First, log in to your account to upload images using Cloudinary’s website. Once logged in, you’ll be on the Media Library Dashboard. There, look for an Upload button and click it:
Next, click the Browse button to select the files you want to upload.
Verify your uploads by navigating to the Assets tab, which shows all your assets on the cloud.
Once you’ve uploaded your assets, open your image in the Cloudinary console and add your image tags. This will help us retrieve multiple images of the same tag when we populate our Image Popup app.
HTML Structure for Our Page
With the setup now complete, we can begin creating the front end of our app. We will begin by creating a simple HTML page that will display all the images in a specific tag, with the public ID under each image.
To do this, we will first create a standard HTML document declaration and define the language.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> </head> <body> </body> </html>
Next, for the <head> section, we will define the page title and add our external style and script sheet (we will discuss this later), which will hold the styling and functionality for the pop-up behavior.
Finally, for the body of our HTML page, we will begin by adding a <header> tag that will hold the website’s title displayed within a <div> element with a class of "container". This class will be defined in an external stylesheet later.
...
<body>
<header>
<div class="container">
<h1>My Photos</h1>
</div>
</header>
...
After the header, we create a <main> tag containing a div element belonging to the container class. This contains an unordered list with the class "images" and ID "imageList" created. This will be used to display our images dynamically populated using Javascript.
<body>
<header>
<div class="container">
<h1>My Photos</h1>
</div>
</header>
<main>
<div class="container">
<ul class="images" id="imageList">
<!-- Images will be added here dynamically -->
</ul>
</div>
</main>
...
Finally, we will define a hidden element with the ID "myModal" and the class "modal". This represents the pop-up window that will appear when an image is clicked. A closing button is placed inside the modal, along with an image element with the ID "img01" and class "modal-content". This is where the enlarged image will be displayed. A <div> with the ID "caption" is also included to display information about the image. Here is what our final HTML page looks like:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Cloudinary Pop-up Images</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<script src="script.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<div class="container">
<h1>My Photos</h1>
</div>
</header>
<main>
<div class="container">
<ul class="images" id="imageList">
<!-- Images will be added here dynamically -->
</ul>
</div>
</main>
<div id="myModal" class="modal">
<span class="close">x</span>
<img class="modal-content" id="img01">
<div id="caption"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript Code for Image Popup
Now that our HTML is complete, we can begin coding our Popup app. To do this, we will start by creating a new JS file called script.json in the same directory as our HTML.
We will begin by defining a window.onload() function that will initialize our HTML page. Here, we will start by defining some variables for our Cloudinary cloud name and tag and construct a Cloudinary URL that retrieves a JSON object containing the URLs of all images of a particular tag.
window.onload = function () {
var images = [];
// Replace 'demo' and 'logo' with your cloud name and tag
var cloudName = 'your_cloud_name';
var tag = 'project';
// URL to fetch images from Cloudinary
var url = 'https://res.cloudinary.com/' + cloudName + '/image/list/' + tag + '.json';
Next, we will define a fetch function inside the onload function that uses the URL to retrieve the JSON data containing image information from Cloudinary.
fetch(url)
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => {
// Loop through each image
data.resources.forEach(image => {
var imageUrl = 'https://res.cloudinary.com/' + cloudName + '/image/upload/' + image.public_id + '.' + image.format;
// Add image to array
images.push({ src: imageUrl, title: image.public_id });
});
// Call the function to load images
loadImages(images);
})
.catch(error => console.error('Error:', error));
Here, we wrap our function in the .then() method to handle the successful response, converting it to JSON using .json(). The inner .then() loop iterates through each image in the data.resources array. Finally, inside the loop, we create an image URL for each image and then push an object with src (image URL) and title (image public ID) to the images array.
Next, we define our loadImages() function as follows:
// Function to create and append the list items
function loadImages(imageArray) {
// Get the list element from the HTML.
const list = document.getElementById('imageList');
// Loop through each image in the array.
imageArray.forEach((image, index) => {
// Create a new list item for each image.
const listItem = document.createElement('li');
// Set a key attribute for the list item using the image title, converted to lowercase.
listItem.setAttribute('key', image.title.toLowerCase());
// Create a div to hold the image.
const imageDiv = document.createElement('div');
// Add a class to the div for styling purposes.
imageDiv.className = 'imageImage';
// Create an img element for the image and set attributes.
const img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = image.src;
img.alt = image.title;
// Create a h3 element for the image title and set attributes.
const title = document.createElement('h3');
title.className = 'imageTitle';
title.textContent = image.title;
// Append the img element to the imageDiv.
imageDiv.appendChild(img);
// Append the imageDiv and title to the listItem.
listItem.appendChild(imageDiv);
listItem.appendChild(title);
// Append the listItem to the list.
list.appendChild(listItem);
// Add click event to the imageDiv
imageDiv.onclick = function () {
modal.style.display = "block";
modalImg.src = img.src;
captionText.innerHTML = title.textContent;
}
});
}
The loadImages function takes in an imageArray as input. It retrieves the imageList element using document.getElementById(). It then iterates through each image object in the imageArray. Inside the loop, we create a new <li> element for each image list item and assign a key attribute to the <li> element using the image title for efficient identification. We then create a <div> element to hold the image and style using className.
Next, we make an <img> element; its src attribute is set to the image URL, and an alt attribute with the image title is added for accessibility. We then create a <h3> element for the image title and style using className. Each image is then appended to the image container <div>, which is then appended to the list item and the title. The list item is then the image list (ul). Finally, an event listener (click event) is added to each image container <div>, which, when clicked, sets the modal element’s display style to “block” to show it, changes modalImg‘s src attribute to the clicked image’s URL and finally changes the captionText‘s inner HTML to the clicked image’s title.
With the loadImages function now complete, we retrieve references to the modal (modal), image (modalImg), caption (captionText), and close button (span). We then add an onlick function to the span, which, when clicked, sets the modal’s display style is set to "none" to hide it. Here is what our complete JS file looks like:
window.onload = function () {
var images = [];
// Replace 'demo' and 'logo' with your cloud name and tag
var cloudName = 'your_cloud_name';
var tag = 'project';
// URL to fetch images from Cloudinary
var url = 'https://res.cloudinary.com/' + cloudName + '/image/list/' + tag + '.json';
fetch(url)
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => {
// Loop through each image
data.resources.forEach(image => {
var imageUrl = 'https://res.cloudinary.com/' + cloudName + '/image/upload/' + image.public_id + '.' + image.format;
// Add image to array
images.push({ src: imageUrl, title: image.public_id });
});
// Call the function to load images
loadImages(images);
})
.catch(error => console.error('Error:', error));
// Function to create and append the list items
function loadImages(imageArray) {
// Get the list element from the HTML.
const list = document.getElementById('imageList');
// Loop through each image in the array.
imageArray.forEach((image, index) => {
// Create a new list item for each image.
const listItem = document.createElement('li');
// Set a key attribute for the list item using the image title, converted to lowercase.
listItem.setAttribute('key', image.title.toLowerCase());
// Create a div to hold the image.
const imageDiv = document.createElement('div');
// Add a class to the div for styling purposes.
imageDiv.className = 'imageImage';
// Create an img element for the image and set attributes.
const img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = image.src;
img.alt = image.title;
// Create a h3 element for the image title and set attributes.
const title = document.createElement('h3');
title.className = 'imageTitle';
title.textContent = image.title;
// Append the img element to the imageDiv.
imageDiv.appendChild(img);
// Append the imageDiv and title to the listItem.
listItem.appendChild(imageDiv);
listItem.appendChild(title);
// Append the listItem to the list.
list.appendChild(listItem);
// Add click event to the imageDiv
imageDiv.onclick = function () {
modal.style.display = "block";
modalImg.src = img.src;
captionText.innerHTML = title.textContent;
}
});
}
// Get the modal
var modal = document.getElementById("myModal");
// Get the image and insert it inside the modal
var modalImg = document.getElementById("img01");
var captionText = document.getElementById("caption");
// Get the <span> element that closes the modal
var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];
// When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
span.onclick = function () {
modal.style.display = "none";
}
}
Now that our JS is complete, all we need to do is create a style.css file to add some style to our Image Popup app. Here is what our CSS file looks like:
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
}
body {
padding: 0;
width: 100%;
min-height: 100vh;
display: grid;
grid-template-rows: auto 1fr;
justify-content: center;
background: #111827;
color: #fff;
}
img {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
opacity: 1;
}
img:hover {
transform: scale(1.2);
opacity: 0.8;
border: 5px solid #0f3897;
}
a {
color: inherit;
}
header {
padding: 1em 0;
margin-bottom: .5em;
font-size: 1em;
font-weight: 500;
margin: 0;
}
header>div {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
}
.container {
width: 100%;
max-width: 1024px;
padding: 0 1em;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.images {
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
margin: 1em;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
grid-gap: 3em;
}
.imageTitle {
font-size: 1.4em;
margin: .4em 0 0;
}
.modal {
display: none; /* Hidden by default */
position: fixed; /* Stay in place */
z-index: 1; /* Sit on top */
padding-top: 100px; /* Location of the box */
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%; /* Full width */
height: 100%; /* Full height */
overflow: auto; /* Enable scroll if needed */
background-color: rgb(0,0,0); /* Fallback color */
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9); /* Black w/ opacity */
}
/* Modal Content (image) */
.modal-content {
margin: auto;
display: block;
width: 80%;
max-width: 700px;
}
/* Caption of Modal Image */
#caption {
margin: auto;
display: block;
width: 80%;
max-width: 700px;
text-align: center;
color: #ccc;
padding: 10px 0;
height: 150px;
}
/* Add Animation */
.modal-content, #caption {
animation-name: zoom;
animation-duration: 0.6s;
}
@keyframes zoom {
from {transform:scale(0)}
to {transform:scale(1)}
}
/* The Close Button */
.close {
position: absolute;
top: 15px;
right: 35px;
color: #f1f1f1;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: bold;
transition: 0.3s;
}
.close:hover,
.close:focus {
color: #bbb;
text-decoration: none;
cursor: pointer;
}
Finally, all we need to do is to open our HTML page. Here is what our app looks like:
Hovering on an image highlights the outline of the image and expands it by a small factor.
Finally, clicking on an image expands it to occupy the entire screen, with its title displayed on the button and a close button on the top-right corner.
Wrapping Up
As we wrap up this tutorial, remember that user engagement hinges on thoughtful design and seamless interactions. Cloudinary empowers developers and content creators to deliver attractive images without compromising performance. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced developer, integrating Cloudinary into your projects will elevate your media management game.
This cloud-based media management platform simplifies handling images, videos, and other rich media assets. Integrating Cloudinary’s features allows you to manage, optimize, and display images across devices.
Transform your digital asset management with Cloudinary’s seamless image and video optimization today! Sign up for free today!
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Automated JavaScript Image Transformation and Management
Cloudinary as the server-side for Javascript image cropping libraries
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